| Intro | | Search taxa | | Taxon tree | | Search literature | | Taxon match | | Homonyms | | Statistics | | Webservice | | Manual | | FAQ | | LifeWatch | | Download | | Log in |
IRMNG taxon detailsActinophryida
marine, fresh, terrestrial
recent only
Not documented
Taxonomic remark Previously classified in Heliozoa; reallocated to Ochrophyta, subphylum Phaeista, "most likely within Raphidomonadea" by...
Taxonomic remark Previously classified in Heliozoa; reallocated to Ochrophyta, subphylum Phaeista, "most likely within Raphidomonadea" by Cavalier-Smith & Scoble, 2013. AlgaeBase (2021) lists Actinophryida within Raphidophyceae (Ochrophyta), although in the classification of Adl et al., 2019, Actinophryida appears as sister to Ochrophyta within the next higher ranked clade; a similar treatment is given in Azuma et al., 2022, however Terpis et al., 2025 recover Actiophrys within Ochrophyta (=Heterokontophyta in IRMNG) as sister to Chrysophytes, Synchromophytes and Picophagea. [details]
IRMNG (2026). Actinophryida. Accessed at: https://www.irmng.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=10193 on 2026-05-06
Date action by
additional source
Ruggiero, M. A.; Gordon, D. P.; Orrell, T. M.; Bailly, N.; Bourgoin, T.; Brusca, R. C.; Cavalier-Smith, T.; Guiry, M. D.; Kirk, P. M. (2015). A higher level classification of all living organisms. <em>PLOS ONE.</em> 10(4): e0119248., available online at https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0119248
note: treats as order within Raphidophyceae [details] additional source Adl, S. M.; Bass, D.; Lane, C. E.; Lukeš, J.; Schoch, C. L.; Smirnov, A.; Agatha, S.; Berney, C.; Brown, M. W.; Burki, F.; Cárdenas, P.; Čepička, I.; Chistyakova, L.; Del Campo, J.; Dunthorn, M.; Edvardsen, B.; Eglit, Y.; Guillou, L.; Hampl, V.; Heiss, A. A.; Hoppenrath, M.; James, T. Y.; Karpov, S.; Kim, E.; Kolisko, M.; Kudryavtsev, A.; Lahr, D. J. G.; Lara, E.; Le Gall, L.; Lynn, D. H.; Mann, D. G.; Massana i Molera, R.; Mitchell, E. A. D.; Morrow, C.; Park, J. S.; Pawlowski, J. W.; Powell, M. J.; Richter, D. J.; Rueckert, S.; Shadwick, L.; Shimano, S.; Spiegel, F. W.; Torruella i Cortes, G.; Youssef, N.; Zlatogursky, V.; Zhang, Q. (2019). Revisions to the classification, nomenclature, and diversity of eukaryotes. <em>Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology.</em> 66: 4-119., available online at https://doi.org/10.1111/jeu.12691 note: treats as sister lineage to Ochrophyta (=Heterokontophyta in IRMNG), refer note [details] additional source Azuma, T.; Pánek, T.; Tice, A. K.; Kayama, M.; Kobayashi, M.; Miyashita, H.; Suzaki, T.; Yabuki, A.; Brown, M. W.; Kamikawa, R. (2022). An Enigmatic Stramenopile Sheds Light on Early Evolution in Ochrophyta Plastid Organellogenesis. <em>Molecular Biology and Evolution.</em> 39(4): p.msac065., available online at https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msac065 note: treats as sister lineage to Ochrophyta (=Heterokontophyta in IRMNG), refer note [details] additional source Cavalier-Smith, T.; Scoble, J. M. (2013). Phylogeny of Heterokonta: Incisomonas marina, a uniciliate gliding opalozoan related to Solenicola (Nanomonadea), and evidence that Actinophryida evolved from raphidophytes. <em>European Journal of Protistology.</em> 49(3): 328-353., available online at https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejop.2012.09.002 note: implies tax. position within Raphidophyceae, although not explicitly stated [details] taxonomy source Terpis, K. X.; Salomaki, E. D.; Barcytė, D.; Pánek, T.; Verbruggen, H.; Kolisko, M.; Bailey, J. C.; Eliáš, M.; Lane, C. E. (2025). Multiple plastid losses within photosynthetic stramenopiles revealed by comprehensive phylogenomics. <em>Current Biology.</em> 35(3): 483-499.e8., available online at https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2024.11.065 [details] name verified source Mikrjukov, K. A.; Patterson, D. J. (2001). Taxonomy and phylogeny of Heliozoa. III. Actinophryids. <em>Acta Protozoologica.</em> 40(1): 3-26., available online at http://www.bio-nica.info/Biblioteca/Mikrjukov2001.pdf [details] current name source Cavalier-Smith, T.; Scoble, J. M. (2013). Phylogeny of Heterokonta: Incisomonas marina, a uniciliate gliding opalozoan related to Solenicola (Nanomonadea), and evidence that Actinophryida evolved from raphidophytes. <em>European Journal of Protistology.</em> 49(3): 328-353., available online at https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejop.2012.09.002 [details] extant flag source Cavalier-Smith, T.; Scoble, J. M. (2013). Phylogeny of Heterokonta: Incisomonas marina, a uniciliate gliding opalozoan related to Solenicola (Nanomonadea), and evidence that Actinophryida evolved from raphidophytes. <em>European Journal of Protistology.</em> 49(3): 328-353., available online at https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejop.2012.09.002 [details] Unreviewed
Taxonomic remark Previously classified in Heliozoa; reallocated to Ochrophyta, subphylum Phaeista, "most likely within Raphidomonadea" by Cavalier-Smith & Scoble, 2013. AlgaeBase (2021) lists Actinophryida within Raphidophyceae (Ochrophyta), although in the classification of Adl et al., 2019, Actinophryida appears as sister to Ochrophyta within the next higher ranked clade; a similar treatment is given in Azuma et al., 2022, however Terpis et al., 2025 recover Actiophrys within Ochrophyta (=Heterokontophyta in IRMNG) as sister to Chrysophytes, Synchromophytes and Picophagea. [details]
|
