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Taylor, T. N.; Taylor, E. L.; Krings, M. (2009). Paleobotany: The Biology and Evolution of Fossil Plants. Second Edition. Academic Press, 1252 pp.
101991
Taylor, T. N.; Taylor, E. L.; Krings, M.
2009
Paleobotany: The Biology and Evolution of Fossil Plants. Second Edition. Academic Press, 1252 pp.
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2011-10-06 22:00:00Z
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2018-01-10 21:55:18Z
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2018-01-11 18:44:20Z
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Aarabia B. Meyer-Berthaud & P. Gerrienne, 2001 † (taxonomy source)
Aarabia B. Meyer-Berthaud & P. Gerrienne, 2001 † (current name source)
Abiocaulis Suzuki, 1910 † (current name source)
Acanthotriletes S.N. Naumova ex R. Potonié & G.O.W. Kremp, 1954 † (current name source)
Acaulangium M.A. Millay, 1977 † (verified source for family)
Acaulangium M.A. Millay, 1977 † (current name source)
Acerites Viviani, 1833 † (current name source)
Achlamydocarpon J. Schumacker-Lambry, 1966 † (current name source)
Acinosporites J.B. Richardson, 1965 † (current name source)
Acitheca W.P. Schimper in W.P. Schimper & Schenk, 1879 † (current name source)
Acorites W.L. Crepet, 1978 † (current name source)
Acrostichum Linnaeus, 1753 (extant flag source)
Actinocalyx E.M. Friis, 1985 † (current name source)
Actinopodium O.A. Høeg, 1942 † (current name source)
Actinoxylon L.C. Matten, 1968 † (current name source)
Aculeophyton R. Kräusel & B.S. Venkatachala, 1966 † (current name source)
Aculeophyton R. Kräusel & B.S. Venkatachala, 1966 † (verified source for family)
Aculeovinea H. Li & D.W. Taylor, 1998 † (current name source)
Adiantites H.R. Göppert, 1836 † (current name source)
Aerocortex C.B. Beck, 1978 † (current name source)
Aethophyllum A.T. Brongniart, 1828 † (current name source)
Afropollis J.A. Doyle, S. Jardiné & A. Doerenkamp, 1982 † (current name source)
Agaristoxylon P. Gerrienne et al., 1999 † (current name source)
Agathoxylon Hartig, 1848 † (current name source)
Aglaophyton D.S. Edwards, 1986 † (current name source)
Albertarum J. Bogner, G.L. Hoffman & K.R. Aulenback, 2005 † (current name source)
Alcicornopteris R. Kidston, 1887 † (current name source)
Alethopteris Sternberg, 1825 † (current name source)
Alisporites L.H. Daugherty, 1941 † (current name source)
Alkastrobus G.M. del Fueyo & S. Archangelsky, 2005 † (current name source)
Allenbya S.R.S. Cevallos-Ferriz & R.A. Stockey, 1989 † (current name source)
Allicospermum T.M. Harris, 1935 † (current name source)
Alloiopteris H. Potonié, 1897 † (current name source)
Alnoxylon Felix, 1884 † (current name source)
Alsophilites M. Hirmer, 1927 † (current name source)
Ambitisporites W.S. Hoffmeister, 1959 † (current name source)
Amentoplexipollenites W.L. Crepet & K.C. Nixon, 1989 † (current name source)
Amentotaxus Pilger, 1916 (extant flag source)
Amersinia S.R. Manchester, P.R. Crane & L.B. Golovneva, 1999 † (current name source)
Amosioxylon S.N. Césari, S. Archangelsky & J.C. Vega, 2005 † (current name source)
Ampelocissus J.E. Planchon, 1884 (extant flag source)
Amyelon W.C. Williamson ex P.D.W. Barnard, 1962 † (current name source)
Anabathra H.T.M. Witham, 1833 † (current name source)
Anacardium Linnaeus, 1753 (extant flag source)
Anachoropteris Corda, 1845 † (current name source)
Anacostia E.M. Friis, P.R. Crane & K.R. Pedersen, 1997 † (current name source)
Anapaulia C.M. Berry & D. Edwards, 1996 † (current name source)
Anasperma Long, 1966 † (basis of record)
Anasperma Long, 1966 † (current name source)
Anasperma Long, 1966 † (extant flag source)
Anasperma Long, 1966 † (verified source for family)
Andrewsiocarpon P.J. Grote & D.L. Dilcher, 1989 † (current name source)
Androstrobus W.P. Schimper, 1870 † (current name source)
Androvettia Hollick & Jeffrey, 1909 † (current name source)
Aneimites (J.W. Dawson) W.P. Schimper, 1874 † (current name source)
Aneurophyton R. Kräusel & H. Weyland, 1923 † (current name source)
Aneurospora M. Streel, 1964 † (current name source)
Angiopteris G.F. Hoffmann, 1796 (extant flag source)
Animikiea E.S. Barghoorn in E.S. Barghoorn & S.A. Tyler, 1965 † (current name source)
Anisophyton W. Remy, S. Schultka & H. Hass, 1986 † (current name source)
Ankyropteris (G. Stenzel) P. Bertrand, 1907 † (current name source)
Ankyropteris (G. Stenzel) P. Bertrand, 1907 † (verified source for family)
Annalepis P. Fliche, 1910 † accepted as Lepacyclotes Emmons, 1856 † (additional source)
Annularia Sternberg, 1821 † (current name source)
Anomopteris A.T. Brongniart, 1828 † (current name source)
Anomozamites W.P. Schimper, 1870 † (current name source)
Antarcticycas E.L. Smoot, T.N. Taylor & T. Delevoryas, 1985 † (current name source)
Antevsia T.M. Harris, 1937 † (current name source)
Antholithus Thomas, 1925 † accepted as Caytonanthus T.M. Harris, 1937 † (source of synonymy)
Antholithus Thomas, 1925 † accepted as Caytonanthus T.M. Harris, 1937 † (extant flag source)
Antholithus Thomas, 1925 † accepted as Caytonanthus T.M. Harris, 1937 † (name verified source)
Antronoides Waggoner & Poteet, 1996 † (current name source)
Antronoides Waggoner & Poteet, 1996 † (verified source for family)
Aphlebia K.B. Presl in Sternberg, 1838 † (current name source)
Apiculatisporis R. Potonié & G.O.W. Kremp, 1956 † (current name source)
Apiculiretusispora M. Streel, 1964 † (current name source)
Apotropteris Morgan & Delevoryas, 1954 † (verified source for family)
Apotropteris Morgan & Delevoryas, 1954 † (current name source)
Appendicisporites H. Weyland & W. Krieger, 1953 † (current name source)
Aquilapollenites G. Rouse, 1957 † (current name source)
Arachnoxylon Read, 1939 † (current name source)
Aratrisporites G. Leschik in R. Kräusel & G. Leschik, 1956 † (current name source)
Archaeocalamites Stur, 1875 † (current name source)
Archaeocalamites Stur, 1875 † (verified source for family)
Archaeoellipsoides R.J. Horodyski & J.A. Donaldson, 1980 † (habitat flag source)
Archaeoellipsoides R.J. Horodyski & J.A. Donaldson, 1980 † (basis of record)
Archaeoellipsoides R.J. Horodyski & J.A. Donaldson, 1980 † (current name source)
Archaeorestis E.S. Barghoorn in E.S. Barghoorn & S.A. Tyler, 1965 † (current name source)
Archaeotrichion Schopf, 1968 † (basis of record)
Archaeotrichion Schopf, 1968 † (extant flag source)
Archaeotrichion Schopf, 1968 † (current name source)
Arctopodium Unger in R. Richter & Unger, 1856 † (taxonomy source)
Arctopodium Unger in R. Richter & Unger, 1856 † (current name source)
Arcyria Hill ex F.H. Wiggers, 1780 (extant flag source)
Arthropitys Göppert, 1864 † (current name source)
Artisophyton H.W. Pfefferkorn, 1976 † (current name source)
Artisophyton H.W. Pfefferkorn, 1976 † (verified source for family)
Asterochlaena Corda, 1845 † (current name source)
Asterochlaenopsis Sahni, 1930 † (current name source)
Asterophyllites A.T. Brongniart, 1828 † (current name source)
 Descriptive info

Type is from Lower Cretaceous; England (Ecclesbourne, East Sussex). (Index Nominum Genericorum). According to ... [details]

 Descriptive info

Sterile impression-compression foliage of Carboniferous zygopterids, refer Taylor et al., 2009. [details]

 Descriptive info

Fossil tree-fern foliage, Mesosoic. [details]

 Descriptive info

Sporangia; Upper McLeansboro group, Upper Pennsylvanian; Berryville, Illinois, U.S.A. (Index Nominum Genericorum). ... [details]

 Descriptive info

Fragment of fertile fern-like frond; Carboniferous; Ballygiltenan Lower, near Glin, County Limerick, Ireland. (Index ... [details]

 Descriptive info

Fossil: Lower Cretaceous, Australia (Taylor et al., 2009). [details]

 Descriptive info

Foliage. (Index Nominum Genericorum); associated with the Zygopteris plant, refer Taylor et al., 2009. [details]

 Descriptive info

Fructification; Lower Carboniferous; Lay, Roannais, Loire, France. (Index Nominum Genericorum); associated with the ... [details]

 Descriptive info

Devonian (Downtonian); South Pembrokeshire, England. (Index Nominum Genericorum). Specimens are flat, thallus- or ... [details]

 Descriptive info

Fructification; Carboniferous; France. (Index Nominum Genericorum). The fertile frond of Nemejcopteris, refer ... [details]

 Descriptive info

Isolated petioles of Psaronius, refer Taylor et al., 2009. [details]

 Taxonomic remark

Incomplete reference to basionym of type species. (Index Nominum Genericorum). Possibly synonymous with ... [details]

 Taxonomic remark

Taylor et al., 2009 note that this type of cone was borne on species of both Lepidodendron and Diaphorodendron. [details]

 Taxonomic remark

Note from Taylor et al., 2009: "Two Early Mississippian (New Albany Shale) taxa that may ultimately turn out to be ... [details]

 Taxonomic remark

Fossil foliage, commonly associated with the stem named Stenomyelon, refer Taylor et al., 2009. [details]

 Taxonomic remark

Listed under "seed-ferns incertae sedis" in Taylor et al., 2009; quote from that work: "The systematic affinities of A. ... [details]

 Taxonomic remark

Listed as an accepted family in Taylor et al., 2009, however as a synonym of Psalixochlaenaceae in Novikoff & ... [details]

 Taxonomic remark

From Taylor et al., 2009: "Affinities ... may lie with magnoliids or with monocots." [details]

 Taxonomic remark

Ovules of putative Lyginopteridaceae, refer Taylor et al., 2009. [details]

 Taxonomic remark

Sometimes included in Pterophyllum A.T. Brongniart, refer Taylor et al., 2009. [details]

 Taxonomic remark

Appears to be associated with foliage of the Lepidopteris type, in the genus Peltaspermum, refer Taylor et al., 2009. [details]

 Taxonomic remark

Misspelling of Antholithes Brogniart for new species A. arberi by Harris, 1925; designated species now Caytonanthus, ... [details]

 Taxonomic remark

Fossil galls on angiosperm leaves comparable with those produced by extant wasps in the family Cynipidae, refer ... [details]

 Taxonomic remark

Novikoff & Barabasz-Krasny, 2015 include Cheirolepidiaceae (as Hirmeirellaceae) within Araucariaceae, while Taylor ... [details]

 Taxonomic remark

Assignment to Marrattiaceae is provisional: according to Taylor et al., 2009, the taxon "shares features with both ... [details]

 Taxonomic remark

Novikoff & Barabasz-Krasny, 2015, prefer the name Calamostachyaceae Meyen over Calamitaceae, however the latter is ... [details]

 Taxonomic remark

Novikoff & Barabasz-Krasny, 2015, prefer the name Calamostachyaceae Meyen over Calamitaceae, however the latter is ... [details]

 Taxonomic remark

Initially assigned to Chlorophyta, although Taylor et al., 2009 indicate that a prokaryote affinity is also possible. [details]

 Taxonomic remark

Included in Araucariaceae by Novikoff & Barabasz-Krasny, 2015, however maintained as a distinct family by Taylor et ... [details]

 Taxonomic remark

Initially described as a fossil fern in Osmundaceae, subsequently regarded as a lycopsid, possibly related to ... [details]

 Taxonomic remark

According to Taylor et al., 2009, the former order Coenopteridales is now an obsolete name, its various families ... [details]

 Taxonomic remark

The name Cordaitanthales is used in some sources for this taxon, however Cordaitales is retained in IRMNG at this ... [details]

 Taxonomic remark

Initially of unknown affinity, subsequently attributed to marchantiod liverwort, refer Taylor et al., 2009; ascribed to ... [details]

 Taxonomic remark

Initially described as a moss, subsequently re-interpreted as a leafy liverwort with affinities to the ... [details]

 Taxonomic remark

Taylor et al., 2009 allocate Duisbergia to the Cladoxylales, possibly as the lower trunk portion of ... [details]

 Taxonomic remark

According to Taylor et al., 2009, Ellesmeris "exhibits features of both the Rhacophytales and Zygopteridales", but ... [details]

 Taxonomic remark

Initially described as fungus, subsequently re-interpreted as cyanobacterial sheaths, see Taylor et al., 2009. [details]

 Taxonomic remark

Originally attributed to seed fern and/or progymnosperm, now considered a cladoxylid, refer Taylor et al., 2009. [details]

 Taxonomic remark

Listed as a fern in earlier sources, assigned to lycopsids in Taylor et al., 2009. [details]

 Taxonomic remark

Foerstia is generally stated to be a junior synonym of Protosalvinia (e.g. see Taylor et al., 2009), although the ... [details]

 Taxonomic remark

Initially assigned to Chlorophyta, although Taylor et al., 2009 indicate that a prokaryote affinity is also possible. [details]

 Taxonomic remark

Taylor et al., 2009 suggest a relationship of this genus with the Osmundaceae. [details]

 Taxonomic remark

A tube-shaped fossil from the Proterozoic eon, considered a possible early eukaryote (described as fossil alga); ... [details]

 Taxonomic remark

Assigned to order Hermanophytales in Taylor et al., 2009 and elsewhere; no family name appears to have been erected ... [details]

 Taxonomic remark

Listed as a current name in Taylor et al., 2009, however a synonym according to Bomfleur et al., 2017. [details]

 Taxonomic remark

Ascribed to Vaucheriales (Xanthophyceae) by the descibers, refer Taylor et al., 2009, although allocated to ... [details]

 Taxonomic remark

Stated by Taylor et al., 2009 to be the free-living gametophyte of Nothia aphylla, a putative zosterophyllophyte. [details]

 Taxonomic remark

Taylor et al., 2009, list this genus in Schizaeaceae. [details]

 Taxonomic remark

Meyen, 1971 (quoted in Taylor et al., 2009) believes that Koretrophyllites species should be included in Phyllotheca. [details]

 Taxonomic remark

Considered to be the free-living gametophyte stage of Horneophyton lignieri, refer Taylor et al., 2009. [details]

 Taxonomic remark

Spores have been associated with intact sporangia of Chamaedendron multisporangiatum (fossil Lycophyta), refer ... [details]

 Taxonomic remark

Lyonophyton rhyniensis is the free-living gametophyte of Aglaophyton (originally Rhynia) major, refer Taylor et ... [details]

 Taxonomic remark

Not validly published according to Index Nominum Genericorum, however treated as an accepted taxon in Taylor et ... [details]

 Taxonomic remark

Appear to be associated with the fossil liverwort Naiadita (Triassic), refer Taylor et al., 2009. [details]

 Taxonomic remark

Listed in Gleicheniaceae by Novikoff & Barabasz-Krasny, 2015, however also interpreted as a compressed specimen of ... [details]

 Taxonomic remark

Stated by Taylor et al., 2009 as possibly transitional between trimerophytes and progymnosperms. [details]

 Taxonomic remark

Affinity presently unknown: has been suggested to be related to Prototaxites (Nematophytales), Parka, or an ... [details]

 Taxonomic remark

Cambrian fossil, reported assignment to Bryopsida requires confirmation according to Taylor et al., 2009. [details]

 Taxonomic remark

Probably an alga according to A.W.R. Don & G. Hickling, 1917 and K.J. Niklas & W.G. Chaloner, 1976. (Index Nominum ... [details]

 Taxonomic remark

Retained as a form-genus for stems; Taylor et al., 2009 note that some Paurodendron stems (as well as cones of ... [details]

 Taxonomic remark

Note from Taylor et al., 2009: "Two Early Mississippian (New Albany Shale) taxa that may ultimately turn out to be ... [details]

 Taxonomic remark

A fairly widespread literature misspelling for Perotrilites Couper, e.g. as found in Taylor et al., 2009 and elsewhere. [details]

 Taxonomic remark

Listed as a current name in Taylor et al., 2009, however a synonym according to Bomfleur et al., 2017. [details]

 Taxonomic remark

Described as a putative Precambrian fungus, although affinities are problematic according to Taylor et al., 2009. [details]

 Taxonomic remark

Spores are similar to those of extant hornworts, refer Taylor et al., 2009. [details]

 Taxonomic remark

Originally described as a fossil Rhyniophyte from the Lower Silurian but with surprisingly advanced features for ... [details]

 Taxonomic remark

nom. rej. vs. Pinnularia Ehrenberg 1843 (nom. cons.) (Index Nominum Genericorum); Radicites is the proposed ... [details]

 Taxonomic remark

Taxonomic placement unclear: according to Taylor et al., 2009, the taxon "combines features of trimerophytes, ferns ... [details]

 Taxonomic remark

Sometimes also cited as Foerstia, although that name is considered a junior synonym of Protosalvinia according to ... [details]

 Taxonomic remark

Large Devonian fossil "logs" initially described as conifer wood, then green or brown alga, then a fungus (Hueber, ... [details]

 Taxonomic remark

Taylor et al., 2009 allocated to Marattiales, however Passoni et al., 2003 (Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology ... [details]

 Taxonomic remark

Remyophyton delicatum is the free-living gametophyte of Rhynia gwynne-vaughanii, refer Taylor et al., 2009. [details]

 Taxonomic remark

Correlated by Melo & Loboziak (2003, quoted in Taylor et al., 2009) with the early land plant Protosalvinia, ... [details]

 Taxonomic remark

Spores are similar to those of extant hornworts, refer Taylor et al., 2009. [details]

 Taxonomic remark

Spores are similar to those of extant hornworts, refer Taylor et al., 2009. [details]

 Taxonomic remark

Taylor et al., 2009 list this genus in Schizaeaceae; Zhang et al., 2021 list it in Anemiaceae. [details]

 Taxonomic remark

Argued to be a pre-Cretaceous (Early Jurassic) angiosperm by Wang, 2010; other sources e.g. Taylor et al., 2009 ... [details]

 Taxonomic remark

Assigned to Ginkgoales in Taylor et al., 2009, however these authors note that "the plant [i.e., Schmeissneria] ... [details]

 Taxonomic remark

According to Taylor et al., 2009, Sciadophyton is a gametophyte stage which may represent a range of different ... [details]

 Taxonomic remark

Possibly an early dinoflagellate cyst according to Meng et al., 2005, quoted in Taylor et al., 2009, however ... [details]

 Taxonomic remark

Family accepted in Taylor et al., 2009, but not in Novikoff & Barabasz-Krasny, 2015, who include Sigillaria and ... [details]

 Taxonomic remark

An artificial taxon used to include a range of early enigmatic organisms, some of which may be related to the ... [details]

 Taxonomic remark

Thalloid fossil of unknown affinity, which has been variously suggested to be a colonial animal, alga, vascular ... [details]

 Taxonomic remark

Note from Taylor et al., 2009: "In many features, Stenokoleos is similar to Tristichia and Tetrastichia. Rothwell ... [details]

 Taxonomic remark

Fossil stem, commonly associated with the foliage named Alcicornopteris, refer Taylor et al., 2009. [details]

 Taxonomic remark

Isolated petioles of Psaronius, refer Taylor et al., 2009. [details]

 Taxonomic remark

Taxonomic and nomenclatural history is complex, refer Skog, 1990 and Taylor et al., 2009. Taxon created for a ... [details]

 Taxonomic remark

Sometimes (mis-)spelled Tschernoviaceae. [details]

 Taxonomic remark

Comparable with the persistent tetrads of some liverworts, refer Taylor et al., 2009. [details]

 Taxonomic remark

Fossil, Late Silurian-Early Devonian; shares a number of features with bryophytes but also with trimerophytes, ... [details]

 Taxonomic remark

Used in some sources in place of the correct spelling Tchernoviaceae, based on Tchernovia M.D. Zalessky, 1930 ... [details]

 Taxonomic remark

This name is ascribed to J.G. Rhode, 1821-1823 by several authors, but Rhode does not use it. The species name ... [details]

 Taxonomic remark

Based on material originally allocated to the fossil fern genus Onychiopsis, later to the new genus Tanydorus, a ... [details]

 Taxonomic remark

Included as "questionable Rhyniopsida" in Stewart (1983). Taylor et al., 2009 note that Hueber (1983) considers ... [details]


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